The article examines some aspects of the scientific and philosophical problems of folk poetry of Azerbaijan from the standpoint of synergetic principles.

The isomorphism between the Universe, the brain and the topological structures of Azerbaijani (Turkic) folk poetry is substantiated. It has been determined that the structures of Azerbaijani folk poetry are formed according to the principle of recursion and convergence.

The genesis of Azerbaijani folk poetry is based on the principle from simple to complex, thanks to heredity and processuality, it gradually approaches its optimal form, which corresponds to Kolmogorov’s epistemological principle.

All poetic forms of folk poetry have a common structure, i.e. the lines converge into rhymes, which are semantic centers that ensure the integrity of the poetic work. Azerbaijani folk poetry, as a non-linear multi-level system, has its own specific processes of convergence, divergence and parallelism. The integrity of folk poetry is dynamic in nature and this is important for reflecting the dynamics of the surrounding world.

In organisms, convergent similarity is never deep. But in poetry, the situation is different. Unlike living organisms, convergent similarity in poetry has a deep basis, since points of convergence constitute rhymes, and thereby the integrity of the poem.

Purpose:  to study of ontognoseological problems of Azerbaijani folk poetry using synergetic paradigms.

Methodology: To study the systemic-structural problems of folk poetry, evolutionary epistemology, categories of optimality, nonlinear synthesis, the principle of dominance of A. A. Ukhtomsky and the theory of functional systems of P. K. Anokhin were used, and the principles of parallelism and convergence were involved in the study of the problem of adequate reflection of reality.

Scientific novelty: An isomorphism has been established between Azerbaijani folk poetry, the Universe and the structures of the brain. The role of the principles of parallelism and convergence in the evolution and development of living organisms and folk poetry has been studied, and similar and different aspects have been identified using the comparative method.

Keywords: folk poetry, convergence, cognition, integrity, attractor, optimality, nonlinear synthesis